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10 Multiple choice question on Eritrean history
Eritrean History Quiz
Question 1:
Which ancient kingdom had a significant influence on early Eritrean history?
- Aksumite Kingdom
- Kush Kingdom
- Egyptian Kingdom
Question 2:
What was the primary religion of Eritrea during the Aksumite period?
- Christianity
- Islam
- Judaism
Question 3:
Which European power colonized Eritrea in the late 19th century?
- Britain
- Italy
- France
Question 4:
When did Eritrea gain independence from Ethiopia?
- 1941
- 1961
- 1991
Question 5:
Which of the following is a major ethnic group in Eritrea?
- Tigrinya
- Zulu
- Maasai
Question 6:
What is the capital of Eritrea?
- Addis Ababa
- Asmara
- Djibouti
Question 7:
The Eritrean War of Independence was fought against which country?
- Ethiopia
- Sudan
- Somalia
Question 8:
Which of the following industries is important to the Eritrean economy?
- Mining
- Tourism
- All of the above
Question 9:
What is the official language of Eritrea?
- Tigrinya
- Arabic
- English
Question 10:
Eritrea has a unique and significant archaeological site known as:
- Yeha
- Luxor
- Giza
Saturday, September 04, 2021
10 Countries Hosting the Most Refugees
Friday, February 28, 2014
Le Tour de Langkawi 2014 - Stage 2 Result
Theo Bos (Belkin) won a crash marred stage two of the Tour de Langkawi, ahead of his teammate and lead-out man Greame Brown.
Bos managed to avoid the chaos going on around him to take his first win of the season. Brown stayed in front of the remaining pack to snatch second with Marco Haller (Katusha) finishing in third.
Astana’s Andrea Guardini has had some big successes at the race, but couldn’t contest the sprint after being caught up in the incident. The Italian rider was seen in the back of an ambulance after the finish with a puncture wound in his foot. He is now a doubt to start stage three on Saturday.
Despite the joy at his victory, Bos gave little celebration in respect to his fellow competitors. “I don’t want to salute and be so much happy (because of the crash), some see it the other way,” he said at the finish. “There was many crashes. I hear on the corner to the left with 500 meters to go, no before, there was a crash and also in the last corner, behind me.”
Like a number of other sprinters Bos has come here to try and build up his win tally before returning to Europe saying that it is good for morale despite the level being higher at other races. “There are a lot of sprints and it’s not a super high level. Also for my team it’s important to get the number of victories up,” he explained. “I’d rather ride here than do Paris-Nice where you might be satisfied with a third spot. I’d rather win here. Paris-Nice is a very hard race for me.”
Race leader Carlos Quintero finished safely within the bunch to keep hold of his leader's jersey with Jonathan Clarke and Matt Brammeier sitting just behind him.
It was a relatively straight stage forward for the peloton, with two fourth category climbs to contend with. With no breeze to cool the air, the riders were in for a sweltering say. Five riders shot up the road, with the peloton happy to leave them go. They were Ho Junrong (Ocbc Singapore), Behnam Khalikhosroshahi (Tabriz Petro Chemical), Elchin Asadov and Tural Isgandarov ( Both Synergy Baku), Jiang Zhi Hui (Giant-Champion) and Rashid Ibrahim (Malaysia). They were caught within the final 10km, leaving the sprinters teams to do their work.
The tight windy finish caught many out, with more than 20 riders being involved in the crash.
Source: http://www.cyclingnews.com/races/le-tour-de-langkawi-2014/stage-2/results
RESULT
1 BOS Theo Belkin-Pro Cycling Team
2 BROWN Graeme Belkin-Pro Cycling Team
3 HALLER Marco Team Katusha
4 KRUOPIS Aidis Orica GreenEDGE
5 KOLAR Michael Tinkoff-Saxo
6 ROGERS Rico OCBC Singapore Continental Cycling Team
7 REGUIGUI Youcef MTN - Qhubeka 4 2 ,,
8 BRAMMEIER Matthew Synergy Baku Cycling Project
9 NISHITANI Taiji Aisan Racing Team
10 KOCHETKOV Pavel Team Katusha
2 BROWN Graeme Belkin-Pro Cycling Team
3 HALLER Marco Team Katusha
4 KRUOPIS Aidis Orica GreenEDGE
5 KOLAR Michael Tinkoff-Saxo
6 ROGERS Rico OCBC Singapore Continental Cycling Team
7 REGUIGUI Youcef MTN - Qhubeka 4 2 ,,
8 BRAMMEIER Matthew Synergy Baku Cycling Project
9 NISHITANI Taiji Aisan Racing Team
10 KOCHETKOV Pavel Team Katusha
58 KUDUS Merhawi MTN - Qhubeka
Thursday, February 27, 2014
Eritreans in Britain forced by embassy to pay 2% diaspora tax
On the morning of the 18 December last year Sam* walked up the narrow steps of a nondescript building in the back streets of Islington, north London. He was visiting the Eritrean embassy to inquire about his "clearance". This is the process every Eritrean in the diaspora must undergo if they want to have any dealings with their home country.
However, being cleared entails paying a 2% tax on all UK earnings to the Eritrean authorities. Without clearance Sam could not have his passport renewed, apply for a business permit in his home country, or even send a parcel of secondhand clothes to his family.
The diaspora tax was banned by the UN security council in 2011 (pdf). Resolution 2023, supported by the UK, condemned the tax because it was being used to fund "arms and related material" for rebel groups across the Horn of Africa.
These included the Somali militant group al-Shabaab, an al-Qaida affiliate. Eritrea supported al-Shabaab as an indirect means of attacking Ethiopia, its long-standing enemy.
In May 2011 the Foreign Office notified the Eritrean authorities that "aspects of the collection of a tax levied by the Eritrean government on Eritreans living in the UK may be unlawful and in breach of the Vienna convention on diplomatic relations. The ambassador was told that until it was demonstrated otherwise the embassy should suspend, immediately and in full, all activities relating to the collection of the tax."
Despite this warning, the Foreign Office is aware that pressure on British Eritreans to pay the tax has continued. Lady Warsi, the senior minister of state at the Foreign Office, confirmed in a written reply to Lady Kinnockthat the Eritrean ambassador had been warned he must comply with the resolution to desist from illicit means of collecting revenue from members of the Eritrean diaspora in the UK. "On 20 December 2012, Foreign and Commonwealth Office officials raised these concerns with the Eritrean ambassador and reminded him of UN SCR 2023," Warsi wrote.
Yet a year later, when Sam arrived at the embassy, he was informed he had no option but to pay the illegal tax. "If you have anything to do or there is any query," an embassy staff member told him. "You will have to pay it all and get clearance. You will not be able to do anything without clearance."
"We are aware of allegations over the use of harassment to collect revenue from members of the Eritrean diaspora in the UK," Warsi wrote. "On 20 December 2012, Foreign and Commonwealth Office officials raised these concerns with the Eritrean ambassador and reminded him of UN SCR 2023."
The sums involved can be substantial. Tax is claimed when an Eritrean turns 18 – even students are expected to contribute £50 a year. Upon reaching adulthood, Sam was told he had to pay the full tax. "However, after [reaching 18] and until 2013 you need to bring a payslip, a P60 or anything that indicates your income. When you come with all these documents, then you can pay the 2% tax."
Backpaying 17 years of taxes would have been a huge burden for Sam, who has a young family to support. "I need to get a mortgage to pay all this," he joked with the embassy staff as he turned to leave. Having no intention of paying the tax, he had secretly recorded the entire exchange on video.
The allegation that staff continue to demand payment of the 2% is supported by receipts obtained from other Eritreans, dated after May 2011, when the practice was outlawed by the UN.
The taxation of the Eritrean diaspora, many of whom live just above the breadline, has been challenged by a group of Eritrean women. Team Eritrea, as they are known, are requesting that the British government ends its toleration of the illegal tax. "It is extortion from some of the poorest people in our community, who just want to help their families back home," says Feruz Werede, who is leading the campaign.
But the campaigners want the Foreign Office to go further. They are calling on the British government to follow the Canadian example and expel the Eritrean ambassador. In May 2013, fed up with repeated – and false – assurances from the Eritrean authorities, Canada's foreign affairs minister, John Baird, expelled the Eritrean consul in Toronto, Semere Ghebremariam O Micael, declaring: "Today's actions speak for themselves."
The UK diaspora fears the extortion will continue unless decisive action is taken. Eritrea is among the most repressive countries in the world, and the funds sent from Britain through this tax assist the regime in maintaining its hold over the beleaguered population.
*Sam's name has been withheld to protect his identity